Izindaba - Ungabala Kanjani Ikhanda Lephampu?

Ungabala kanjani i-Pump Head?

Endimeni yethu ebalulekile njengabakhiqizi bephampu ye-hydraulic, siyaqaphela inani elikhulu lezinto eziguquguqukayo okudingeka zicatshangelwe lapho kukhethwa iphampu efanele yohlelo lokusebenza oluthile. Inhloso yalesi sihloko sokuqala ukuqala ukukhanyisa inombolo enkulu yezinkomba zobuchwepheshe ngaphakathi kwendawo yepompo ye-hydraulic, kuqala ngepharamitha "ikhanda lepompo".

Yini i-Pump Head?

Ikhanda lephampu, elivame ukubizwa ngokuthi yingqikithi yekhanda noma ikhanda eliguquguqukayo eliphelele (TDH), limelela isamba samandla anikelwe oketshezini ngepompo. Ilinganisa inhlanganisela yamandla okucindezela kanye namandla e-kinetic iphampu ewadlulisela oketshezini njengoba ihamba ohlelweni.Kafushane, singaphinda sichaze ikhanda njengobude bokuphakama obuphezulu iphampu ekwazi ukuyidlulisela oketshezini olumpontshiwe. Isibonelo esicacile yileso sepayipi eliqondile elikhuphuka lisuka endaweni yokudiliva. Uketshezi luzophonswa phansi epayipini ngamamitha angu-5 ukusuka endaweni yokukhipha amanzi ngepompo enekhanda elingamamitha angu-5. Inhloko yephampu ihlotshaniswa ngokuphambene nezinga lokugeleza. Izinga lokugeleza kwepompo liphakeme, ikhanda liphansi. Ukuqonda ikhanda lephampu kubalulekile ngoba kusiza onjiniyela bahlole ukusebenza kwephampu, bakhethe iphampu elungile yohlelo olunikeziwe, futhi baklame amasistimu okuthutha uketshezi asebenza kahle.

Izingxenye ze-Pump Head

Ukuze uqonde izibalo zekhanda lephampu, kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa izingxenye ezifaka isandla ekhanda eliphelele:

I-Static Head (Hs): Ikhanda elimile ibanga elimile phakathi kwamaphoyinti okumunca iphampu namaphoyinti okuphuma. Kubalwa ukushintsha kwamandla okungaba khona ngenxa yokuphakama. Uma indawo yokukhipha ingaphezulu kunephuzu lokumunca, ikhanda elimile liphozithivu, futhi uma liphansi, ikhanda elimile alinalo.

Inhloko Yesivinini (Hv): Inhloko yesivinini amandla e-kinetic adluliselwa oketshezini njengoba luhamba ngamapayipi. Kuya ngesivinini soketshezi futhi kubalwa kusetshenziswa isibalo:

Hv=V^2/2g

Kuphi:

Hv= Inhloko yesivinini (amamitha)
V= Isivinini soketshezi (m/s)
g= Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi (9.81 m/s²)

Ikhanda Lokucindezela (Hp): Ikhanda lokucindezela limelela amandla angezwe oketshezini yiphampu ukuze anqobe ukulahlekelwa kwengcindezi ohlelweni. Ingabalwa kusetshenziswa i-equation kaBernoulli:

Hp=Pd−IHu/ρg

Kuphi:

Hp= Ikhanda lokucindezela (amamitha)
Pd= Ingcindezi endaweni yokukhishwa (Pa)
Ps= Ingcindezi endaweni yokuncela (Pa)
ρ= Ukuminyana koketshezi (kg/m³)
g= Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi (9.81 m/s²)

I-Friction Head (Hf): Inhloko yefriction ilandisa ngokulahleka kwamandla ngenxa yokushayisana kwamapayipi nokufakwa ohlelweni. Ingabalwa kusetshenziswa isibalo se-Darcy-Weisbach:

Hf=fLQ^2/D^2g

Kuphi:

Hf= Ikhanda lokungqubuzana (amamitha)
f= Isici se-Darcy friction (engenasici)
L= Ubude bepayipi (amamitha)
Q= Izinga lokugeleza (m³/s)
D= Ububanzi bepayipi (amamitha)
g= Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi (9.81 m/s²)

Ingqikithi Yezibalo Zekhanda

Ikhanda eliphelele (H) yesistimu yephampu isamba sazo zonke lezi zingxenye:

H=Hs+Hv+Hp+Hf

Ukuqonda le zibalo kuvumela onjiniyela ukuthi baklame amasistimu epompo asebenza kahle ngokucabangela izici ezifana nezinga lokugeleza elidingekayo, ubukhulu bamapayipi, umehluko wokuphakama, nezidingo zengcindezi.

Izicelo Pump Head Izibalo

Ukukhetha Iphampu: Onjiniyela basebenzisa izibalo zekhanda lepompo ukuze bakhethe iphampu efanelekile yohlelo oluthile. Ngokunquma ikhanda eliphelele elidingekayo, bangakhetha iphampu engakwazi ukuhlangabezana nalezi zidingo ngokuphumelelayo.

Idizayini Yesistimu: Izibalo zekhanda lephampu zibalulekile ekuklameni izinhlelo zokuthutha uketshezi. Onjiniyela bangasayizi wamapayipi futhi bakhethe ukufakwa okufanele ukuze banciphise ukulahleka kokungqubuzana futhi bakhulise ukusebenza kahle kwesistimu.

Ukusebenza Kwamandla: Ukuqonda ikhanda lepompo kusiza ekwenzeni ukusebenza kwepompo kusebenze kahle. Ngokunciphisa ikhanda elingadingekile, onjiniyela banganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nezindleko zokusebenza.

Isondlo kanye nokuxazulula izinkinga: Ukuqapha ikhanda lephampu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kungasiza ekutholeni izinguquko ekusebenzeni kwesistimu, okubonisa isidingo sokulungiswa noma izinkinga zokuxazulula izinkinga ezifana nokuvinjwa noma ukuvuza.

Ukubala Isibonelo: Ukunquma Ingqikithi Yenhloko Yephampu

Ukukhombisa umqondo wokubala kwekhanda lepompo, ake sicabangele isimo esenziwe lula esibandakanya iphampu yamanzi esetshenziselwa ukuchelela. Kulesi simo, sifuna ukunquma ingqikithi yekhanda lepompo elidingekayo ukuze kusatshalaliswe kahle amanzi ukusuka kwichibi ukuya endaweni.

Amapharamitha anikeziwe:

Umehluko Wokuphakama (ΔH): Ibanga elima mpo ukusuka ezingeni lamanzi echibini ukuya endaweni ephakeme kakhulu ensimini yokunisela ngamamitha angu-20.

I-Frictional Head Loss (hf): Ukulahlekelwa okushayisanayo ngenxa yamapayipi, okokufakwayo, nezinye izingxenye zesistimu kufinyelela kumamitha angu-5.

Inhloko Yesivinini (hv): Ukugcina ukugeleza okuzinzile, ikhanda elithile lejubane lamamitha angu-2 liyadingeka.

Ikhanda Lokucindezela (hp): Inhloko yokucindezela eyengeziwe, njengokunqoba isilawuli sokucindezela, ingamamitha angu-3.

Ukubala:

Ingqikithi yekhanda lephampu (H) elidingekayo lingabalwa kusetshenziswa isibalo esilandelayo:

Ingqikithi Yekhanda Lephampu (H) = Umehluko Wokuphakama/Inhloko Emile (ΔH)/(hs) + Ukulahleka Kwekhanda Okushayisanayo (hf) + Inhloko Yesivinini (hv) + Ikhanda Lokucindezela (hp)

H = 20 amamitha + 5 amamitha + 2 amamitha + 3 amamitha

H = 30 amamitha

Kulesi sibonelo, ikhanda lepompo eliphelele elidingekayo ohlelweni lokunisela lingamamitha angu-30. Lokhu kusho ukuthi iphampu kufanele ikwazi ukunikeza amandla anele ukuphakamisa amanzi amamitha angu-20 ukuya phezulu, inqobe ukulahlekelwa okungqubuzanayo, igcine isivinini esithile, futhi inikeze ingcindezi eyengeziwe njengoba kudingeka.

Ukuqonda nokubala ngokunembile ingqikithi yekhanda lepompo kubalulekile ekukhetheni iphampu enosayizi ofanele ukuze kufinyelelwe izinga lokugeleza elifiselekayo kumphumela wekhanda elilinganayo.

Ngingasitholaphi isibalo sekhanda lephampu?

Inkomba yekhanda lepompo ikhona futhi ingatholakala ku-amashidi wedathayayo yonke imikhiqizo yethu eyinhloko. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe ngedatha yezobuchwepheshe yamaphampu ethu, sicela uthinte ithimba lezobuchwepheshe nelokuthengisa.

Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-02-2024