Izindaba - Ungabala kanjani ikhanda lepompo?

Ungabala kanjani ikhanda lepompo?

Endimeni yethu ebalulekile njengabakhiqizi bepompo ye-hydraulic, siyayazi inani elikhulu lezinto eziguqukayo ezidinga ukucatshangelwa lapho ukhetha iphampu efanelekile yesicelo esithile. Inhloso yalesi sihloko sokuqala ukuqala ukukhanyisela inani elikhulu lezinkomba zezobuchwepheshe ngaphakathi komkhathi we-hydraulic pump, kusukela ngepharamitha "ikhanda".

Iyini ikhanda lepompo?

Ikhanda lepompo, elivame ukubizwa ngokuthi yikhanda eliphelele noma ikhanda elinamandla (i-TDH), limele amandla aphelele afakwe ku-fluid ngempompo. Ithola inhlanganisela yamandla okucindezela namandla e-kinetic ukuthi iphampu lifaka uketshezi njengoba luhamba ngohlelo. Isibonelo esicacile singukuthi ngepayipi eliqonde mpo likhuphuka ngokuqondile endaweni yokulethwa kwezidingo. I-Fluid izophonswa phansi amapayipi ama-Pipe ama-5 amamitha ukusuka ekukhishweni okukhishwe yipompo enekhanda lamamitha ayi-5. Ikhanda lephampu lihlobene kakhulu nezinga lokugeleza. Izinga eliphakeme lokugeleza kwephampu, eliphansi ikhanda. Ukuqonda ikhanda lempompo kubalulekile ngoba kusiza onjiniyela ukuthi bahlole ukusebenza kwephampu, khetha iphampu okulungile yohlelo lokusebenza olunikeziwe, bese benza kahle izinhlelo zokuhamba ngoketshezi.

Izakhi zekhanda lepompo

Ukuqonda ukubalwa kwekhanda lempompo, kubalulekile ukudiliza izakhi ezifaka isandla ekhanda eliphelele:

Ikhanda le-Static (HS): Ikhanda le-tuli libanga elimile phakathi kwamaphoyinti wokumunca wepompo nokwehla. Ibalwa ukuguqulwa kwamandla okungaba khona ngenxa yokuphakama. Uma iphuzu lokukhipha liphakeme kunephuzu lokumisa, ikhanda lihle, futhi uma liphansi, ikhanda eli-static alilungile.

I-Velocity Head (HV): Ikhanda le-velocity amandla e-kinetic afakwe oketshezi njengoba uhamba ngamapayipi. Kuya ngesivinini se-fluid futhi kubalwa kusetshenziswa i-equation:

Hv=V^ 2 / 2G

Lapho:

Hv= I-velocity head (metres)
V= Velocity fluid (m / s)
g= Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi (9.81 m / s²)

I-Pressure Head (HP): Ikhanda lengcindezi limelela amandla angezwe oketshezi yipompo ukunqoba ukulahleka kwengcindezi ohlelweni. Kungabalwa kusetshenziswa i-equation kaBernoulli:

Hp=Pd-PS / ρG

Lapho:

Hp= Inhloko yengcindezelo (amamitha)
Pd= Ingcindezi ephondweni lokukhipha (PA)
Ps= Ingcindezi endaweni yokumisa (i-PA)
ρ= I-Fluid density (kg / m³)
g= Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi (9.81 m / s²)

Ikhanda lokuphambana (hf): Ikhanda leNyakwana liyabalwa ngokulahleka kwamandla ngenxa yokuxabana kwamapayipi kanye nokufakwa ohlelweni. Kungabalwa kusetshenziswa i-Darcy-Weisbach Equation:

Hf=I-FLQ ^2/D^2g

Lapho:

Hf= Ikhanda lenxenye (amamitha)
f#
L= Ubude bepayipi (amamitha)
Q= Isilinganiso sokugeleza (m³ / s)
D= Ububanzi bepayipi (amamitha)
g= Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi (9.81 m / s²)

Ingqikithi yekhanda ephelele

Ikhanda eliphelele (H) kohlelo lwephampu luyisamba sazo zonke lezi zinto:

H=Hs+Hv+Hp+Hf

Ukuqonda le equation kuvumela onjiniyela ukuthi baklame amasistimu wepompo asebenzayo ngokubheka izinto ezifana nezinga lokugeleza okudingekayo, ubukhulu bepayipi, ukungezwani okuphakeme, nezidingo zokucindezela.

Izicelo zokubala kwekhanda lepompo

Ukukhethwa kwempompo: Onjiniyela basebenzisa izibalo zempompo yekhanda ukukhetha iphampu efanelekile yohlelo oluthile. Ngokunquma ikhanda elidingekayo, bangakhetha ipompo engahlangabezana nalezi zidingo kahle.

Idizayini yesistimu: Ukubalwa kwekhanda lepompo kubalulekile ekwakheni izinhlelo zokuhamba zikaketshezi. Onjiniyela bangalingana namapayipi bese bekhetha ukufakwa okufanele ukunciphisa ukulahleka kwezingqubuzana futhi bandise ukusebenza kahle kohlelo.

Ukusebenza kwamandla: Ukuqonda ikhanda lempompo kusiza ekusebenzeni kahle kokusebenza kwamaphampu ukuze kusebenze kahle amandla. Ngokunciphisa ikhanda elingadingekile, onjiniyela banganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla nezindleko zokusebenza.

Ukulungiswa nokuxazulula inkinga: Ukuqapha ikhanda ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kungasiza ukubona izinguquko ekusebenzeni kohlelo, okubonisa isidingo sokulungiswa noma ukuxazulula izinkinga ezinjengama-blockages noma ukuvuza.

Isibonelo sokubala: Ukunquma ikhanda eliphelele lepompo

Ukubonisa umqondo wokubalwa kwekhanda lepompo, ake sibheke isimo esenziwe lula esibandakanya iphampu yamanzi esetshenziselwa ukunisela. Kulesi simo, sifuna ukunquma ikhanda eliphelele lempompo liyadingeka ekusatshalalisweni kwamanzi okusebenzayo kusuka endaweni yokugcina amanzi kuya ensimini.

Unikezwe amapharamitha:

Umehluko wokuphakamisa (ΔH): Ibanga elimile elisuka ezingeni lamanzi edamini liye endaweni ephezulu kakhulu enkundleni yokunisela ngamamitha angama-20.

Ukulahleka Kwekhanda Kwe-Charral (HF): Ukulahleka kwezingxabano ngenxa yamapayipi, ukufakwa kwezinto, nezinye izinto ezisesimweni samamitha ayi-5.

I-Velocity Head (HV): Ukuze ulondoloze ukugeleza okuqinile, inhloko ethile ye-velocity yamamitha ayi-2 iyadingeka.

I-Pressure Head (HP): Ikhanda elingeziwe lokucindezela, njengokunqoba umlawuli wokucindezela, ngamamitha amathathu.

Ukubalwa:

Ikhanda le-Pump ephelele (H) lingabalwa kusetshenziswa i-equation elandelayo:

Ingqikithi yephampu yempompo

H = 20 metres + amamitha ayi-5 + 2 amamitha + amamitha amathathu

H = 30 amamitha

Kulesi sibonelo, inhloko yepompo ephelele edingekayo ukuze uhlelo lokunisela lingamamitha angama-30. Lokhu kusho ukuthi iphampu kufanele ikwazi ukuhlinzeka ngamandla anele ukuphakamisa amanzi amamitha angama-20 ngokuqondile, anqobe ukulahleka okungekho emthethweni, gcina i-velocity ethile, bese unikeza ingcindezi eyengeziwe njengoba kudingeka.

Ukuqonda nokubala ngokunembile ukubala ikhanda lepompo ephelele kubalulekile ekukhetheni ipompo enobukhulu ngokufanele ukufeza isilinganiso sokuhamba oyifunayo kunhloko elithile elilinganayo.

Ngingasitholaphi isibalo se-Pump Head?

Isikhombi sekhanda sepompo sikhona futhi singatholakala kuAmashidi wedathayayo yonke imikhiqizo yethu eyinhloko. Ukuthola imininingwane eminingi ngemininingwane yezobuchwepheshe yamaphampu ethu, sicela uxhumane nethimba lobuchwepheshe nezokuthengisa.

Isikhathi sePosi: Sep-02-2024